本章首先运用LM(1990)反转策略及JT(1995)反转收益分解框架系统性考察了中国股市短期(周)收益反转,其次运用重叠抽样的研究设计检验了长期反转策略,并对反转策略收益进行了风险和过度反应分析,最后运用Balvers,Wu和Gilliland(2002)参数反转策略进一步检验了长期反转效应,本章成果可概括如下:
(1)中国股市短期(周)存在显著的收益反转,反转收益与公司规模相关,并且具有经济意义上的重要性。进一步的分析表明,短期反转效应主要来源于对公司特有信息的过度反应,而并非由“领先-滞后”结构驱动,过度反应在小市值规模个股中最为显著。引入成交量(冲击)能够显著改善短期反转策略表现,对策略层次和组合层次的分析表明,结合规模与成交量能够获得最优策略,即高量策略提供了优化的策略选择,表明成交量包含了未来股价走势的重要信息。我们认为De Long(1990)关于正反馈交易者、Hong和Stein(1999)信息逐渐扩散的行为模型及市场操纵行为对于短期收益反转都具有一定解释力。
(2)以1-3年为组合形成期和持有期,中国股市长期反转策略能够获得显著为正的套利收益,与DeBondt和Thaler(1985,1987)发现对比,反转周期相对较短并且输者组合和赢者组合反转强度基本对称,即使卖空受限,持有历史输者组合在未来1-3年能够显著战胜市场组合。对参数反转策略的检验进一步证实了中国股市存在长期收益反转,并且持有下期(one-step ahead)预测收益最高的组合能够显著战胜市场组合。
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§§第6章 价值反转投资策略研究